Official Excel Formula Reference

Excel Formulas & Functions Cheat Sheet

Stop searching across random forums. Explore verified syntax breakdowns, real-world business datasets, and instant fixes for `#N/A`, `#VALUE!`, and `#SPILL!` errors.

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Essential Business Formulas (9)

Grouped by professional job function and complexity level.

Lookup & ReferenceLevel 4

XLOOKUP

The modern, versatile replacement for VLOOKUP and HLOOKUP that searches in any direction without column index numbers.

=XLOOKUP(lookup_value, lookup_array, return_array, [if_not_found], [match_mode], [search_mode])

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Lookup & ReferenceLevel 3

VLOOKUP

The industry-standard vertical lookup function that searches the first column of a table and returns a value in the same row.

=VLOOKUP(lookup_value, table_array, col_index_num, [range_lookup])

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Lookup & ReferenceLevel 4

INDEX & MATCH

The robust two-part lookup formula that looks left, looks up, and never breaks when new columns are inserted.

=INDEX(return_range, MATCH(lookup_value, lookup_range, 0))

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Math & StatsLevel 3

SUMIFS

Sums numerical values across multiple conditions (e.g. Sales in North Region for Q1).

=SUMIFS(sum_range, criteria_range1, criteria1, [criteria_range2, criteria2], ...)

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Math & StatsLevel 3

COUNTIFS

Counts the number of rows that satisfy multiple simultaneous criteria.

=COUNTIFS(criteria_range1, criteria1, [criteria_range2, criteria2], ...)

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LogicalLevel 2

IFS

Evaluates multiple logical conditions sequentially without complex nested IF statements.

=IFS(logical_test1, value_if_true1, [logical_test2, value_if_true2], ..., [TRUE, default_value])

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Dynamic ArraysLevel 5

LET

Assigns names to calculation results within a formula, boosting calculation performance and readability.

=LET(name1, name_value1, [name2, name_value2], ..., calculation)

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Dynamic ArraysLevel 4

UNIQUE

Extracts an automatically spilling list of unique, deduplicated values from any column or range.

=UNIQUE(array, [by_col], [exactly_once])

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Dynamic ArraysLevel 5

FILTER

Filters a range of data dynamically based on criteria and spills the matching records automatically.

=FILTER(array, include, [if_empty])

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